5e Dmg Magic Item Tables Online

The DMG provides some great guidance on selling items, but I thought it needed a little embellishment for buying items. These rules are meant to be fun and provide a little structure around character wish lists. I found that over the course of a a campaign the players ended up with mostly what they wanted, but never 100%, and it often took several shopping sprees to get those items. The pacing seemed about right to me, and kept items rare (relatively). We also had some fun roleplaying opportunities a couple of times when engaging with certain sellers.

The general premise is still the same: use Intelligence (Investigation) to find a seller and make the deal. You can search for as many items as you like, but a failure results in 10 days of your time and ends that cycle of buying. This roll can be eliminated with the right roleplaying or story, but absent any other context the roll is a useful mechanic.

The Dungeon Master's Guide provides a series of Magic Item Tables lettered A through I (pp. 144 to 149), organized for random treasure selection. Xanathar's Guide to Everything introduces a distinction between minor magic items and major magic items as a broad categorization (p. 135) in addition to the common, uncommon, rare, very rare, and legendary rarities introduced in the DMG. Magic Item Table D d100 Magic Item 01–20 Potion of supreme healing 21–30 Potion of invisibility 31–40 Potion of speed 41–50 Spell scroll (6th level) 51–57 Spell scroll (7th level) 58–62 Ammunition, +3 63–67 Oil of sharpness 68–72 Potion of flying 73–77 Potion of cloud giant strength 78–82 Potion of longevity 83–87 Potion. These are mostly consumable items with some wondrous items thrown in. A/B are probably more of the same. Level 0-3 scrolls, +1 ammunition, common potions, bag of holding and so on. I bet there are other sets of tables for the other item types and a table to roll on to determine type. A list of Dungeons & Dragons 5th Edition (D&D 5e) SRD magic items order by rarity.

The DC to find the item is as follows based on item rarity:

These numbers assume a city. Increase the DC by 2 for a market town or 5 for a small town. Villages will likely not have any items.

• Apply this modifier to rolls on the Magic Item Search Results table.
  † If the transaction is purely monetary, it is likely 10x the price of a Very Rare item

Magic Item Search Results

Search results should always interesting. Shady sellers always have strings attached. I found the easiest thing to do is to use the Magic Item Quirks table (DMG 143) as the reason why, or to exaggerate a Minor Property (DMG 143) to the point of being annoying. Other options include: requiring attunement when the item does not normally require it, limiting the number of uses per day, requiring some other cost (e.g., gp, HP, mundane consumables such as oil, holy water, etc.).

This includes potions and scrolls primarily. Scrolls are important as they are the primary means for Wizards to learn new spells. Additionally, scrolls are usable by anyone and can provide useful utility to non-casters.

Healing Potions Too?

That's up to you. I doubt you can just walk into a general store and buy a dozen Healing Potions, but if that's the commonality of magic in your game go for it. Personally, I include Healing Potions into the mix.

Scrolls For Everyone

One alternate rule we use for scrolls is that if the spell is not potentially accessible to the character (i.e., not on the class spell list), the scroll requires an Intelligence (Arcana) roll with a DC of 8 + Spell Level. If the roll fails, the scroll is destroyed.

I've been running D&D 5e dungeon crawls lately (testing my Inspiration app) and one thing jumps out: by-the-book treasure isn't nearly varied enough.

I'm not talking about magic items: sure, I'm a little sick of potions of giant strength, but D&D has a generosity with its magic item list that I very much appreciate (more than 300 items in the DMG!). I'm talking monetary treasure.

This problem doesn't come up much in my regular D&D campaigns, because neither I nor my co-DMs use the loot tables in the 5e DMG. After all, there's not much to spend money on in non-houseruled 5e, so you can make up literally any amount of money and it makes no difference to game balance.

Even without much to buy, discovering treasure still is (or should be) fun. As a DM, I've always liked rolling on treasure tables, and as a player I like uncovering exciting caches of gold and jewels. But when I stick to the letter of the law, as I'm doing in this playtest, the defects of the 5e treasure tables become apparent.

In the course of a recent dungeon delve down to level 3 of a random dungeon, I've written down the treasure hoards we've found. Here are a few of them:

On level 1, we found: 2500 CP, 900 SP, 90 GP, 6 50-gp gems.
On level 2, we found: 2100 CP, 1100 SP, 80 GP, 6 50-gp gems.
On level 3, we found: 2100 CP, 1100 SP 60 GP, 5 10-gp gems.

When I listed them out like this in my notes, it became clear to me that, apart from magic items, every treasure I found was going to look exactly the same. Around 2000 copper. Around 1000 silver. Around 100 gold. Maybe 6 or so handful of gems or art objects. Every. single. time.

There are a few main problems with cash rewards in 5e:

Lumpy progression.

There's not a new chart every level. You roll on the exact same treasure chart for all encounters from CR 0 to 4, and then graduate to the next chart up, which you use for six more levels, and so on. Each treasure table generates a coin value ten times the last one – a huge jump. It's too big a jump, too infrequently. If the devs had found a way to divide this increase evenly over every level, then each level could have been worth 50% more than the last: a noticeable increase each level, and one that gives meaning to choices about challenging an easier or harder foe. (Right now, four bugbears have the same expected treasure trove as four kobolds. Level 3 of the dungeon has the same treasure as level 1. Why venture deeper?)

Samey treasure.

Every treasure hoard of a given tier group has exactly the same coinage mix. For all of CR 0-4, it's impossible to roll up a treasure hoard containing electrum or platinum, and it's impossible to roll one WITHOUT about 2000 copper, 1000 SP, and 100 GP. There's a bit of variation when it comes to the gems and art objects rolls, though you will never find a solitary gem or art object (the smallest number of either you can find is 2d4, and the average is 7).

You'll also never find a cache of gems or a magic item without some attendant cash. Every randomly rolled treasure must contain money. After the Lady of the Lake raises her arm from the water to give Excalibur to Arthur, she also tosses 42,000 gp and 28,000 pp ashore.

There are more interesting variations in the 'individual treasure' tables, but unfortunately that's all pocket change.

No big scores.

There's little roulette-wheel drama in 5e monetary treasure: no sense that you could stumble on a big score (except by DM fiat). The only meaningful variation is in whether you get gems or art objects, and how many of each. On each treasure table, the best gem or art object result occurs about 20-30% of the time, so it's not particularly unusual; and apart from the lowest tier of play, the best possible gems/jewelry roll can increase total treasure value by about 10%, so it can almost be ignored.

The ninja rule.

you know what? The minor point that I mentioned before, that you can't roll up a single gem or art object, is actually a big problem for me. A single well-described piece of jewelry or idol, or a fist-sized emerald with a strange flaw, could grab someone's imagination. However, gems and art objects generally come in packets of seven. Rolling up and describing seven art objects is an exercise in tedium for the DM and player.

DM: … encrusted with rubies; and, finally, a goblet etched with a baronial shield and the motto EVER TRIUMPHANT.
PLAYER: ….. ok, so… seven art objects worth 2500 each, get it. (instantly forgets every detail)

Dnd 5e Dmg Magic Item Tables

Since gems and art objects are just interestingly-described cash, there's no point in presenting them in numbers that repel description. I might make up one or two interesting art objects that give flavor to my setting, but not seven.

Why is 5e like this?

I'm not sure exactly what was going on with treasure tables during the development of 5e, but I think that most of the problems stem from a single design decision: making the treasure tables require only one percentile roll to generate the whole treasure.

Take a look at one of the treasure tables, the one for CRs 11-16.

After a single d100 roll, you know almost everything about the treasure: what types of coinage you get; the number and denomination of gems and jewelry; and what magic item tables to roll on. Compare that with, say, the 3rd edition level-11 table, which required 3 d100 rolls: one for coin type, one for art/gems, and one for magic items.

I think the decision to go down to one d100 roll in 5e had to be a deliberate choice. But it was one with some bad consequences.

No roll for coin type

In the 3e chart, you roll to see if you get silver, gold, or platinum. (It's a little weird that you can't get a mix of coins, but whatever.) Each of the possible coin types had a slightly higher average value, so rolling a higher-denomination coin was better.

In the 5e chart, you always just get gold and platinum, no roll required, and no variation between treasures.

Combining the art/gems and treasure roll

Look how big the 5e 11-16 treasure is! There are 33 rows. It takes up almost a full print page. And if you look closely, it's not super varied. The 32 rows of the 'gems or art objects' column are just alternating the same four entries over and over again, eight times. The 28 rows of the Magic Items columns are just repeating the same seven entries four times each.

In fact, this table looks like it was derived by listing out all the permutations of two much tidier tables. These tables don't exist in print but I'm confident they looked like this:

gems and art objects: roll 1d20:
1: nothing
2-6: 2d4 (5) 250 gp art objects
7-11: 2d4 (5) 750 gp art objects
12-15: 3d6 (10) 500 gp gems
16-20: 3d6 (10) 1,000 gp gems

magic items: roll 1d20:
1-3: nothing
4-6: Roll 1d4 times on Magic Item Table A and 1d6 times on Magic Item Table B
7-12: Roll 1d6 times on Magic Item Table C
13-15: Roll 1d6 times on Magic Item Table D
16 Roll once on Magic Item Table E
17 Roll once on Magic Item Table F and 1d4 times on Magic Item Table G
18-19 Roll 1d4 times on Magic Item Table H
20 Roll once on Magic Item Table I

If you map the permutations of these two charts onto one d100 chart, it perfectly recreates the existing 5e table, bar rounding error.

The big problem is, the two charts, while they require an extra roll, are more economical of space. If the two tables were printed side-by-side, as was done in 3e, you'd only use 8 rows instead of 33.

page count matters

Combining every treasure and art/gems roll into a single roll matters a lot because it balloons the space requirements for a single treasure table. And, since book pages cost real money to print in an already fat book, you just can't include a lot of these huge tables.

It takes more than half a page, on average, for each of 5e's four treasure hoard tables. If you had one such table per Challenge Rating from, say, 0 to 21, that would mean devoting 12+ book pages just to treasure charts. That would mean cutting 10 pages of other content.

On the other hand, if they'd used separate d100 rolls for art/gems and magic items, as in 3e, they could probably have fit 22 such charts in around 3 pages.

So, once they'd decided to present giant treasure tables that required only a single roll, there was a real-world economic incentive to cut down the number of tables to four, one per tier.

Does limiting treasure tables to one d100 roll even make sense?

I've posited that the developers made a decision to limit monetary treasure generation to a single percentile roll. Is that even a valuable goal?

Even without much to buy, discovering treasure still is (or should be) fun. As a DM, I've always liked rolling on treasure tables, and as a player I like uncovering exciting caches of gold and jewels. But when I stick to the letter of the law, as I'm doing in this playtest, the defects of the 5e treasure tables become apparent.

In the course of a recent dungeon delve down to level 3 of a random dungeon, I've written down the treasure hoards we've found. Here are a few of them:

On level 1, we found: 2500 CP, 900 SP, 90 GP, 6 50-gp gems.
On level 2, we found: 2100 CP, 1100 SP, 80 GP, 6 50-gp gems.
On level 3, we found: 2100 CP, 1100 SP 60 GP, 5 10-gp gems.

When I listed them out like this in my notes, it became clear to me that, apart from magic items, every treasure I found was going to look exactly the same. Around 2000 copper. Around 1000 silver. Around 100 gold. Maybe 6 or so handful of gems or art objects. Every. single. time.

There are a few main problems with cash rewards in 5e:

Lumpy progression.

There's not a new chart every level. You roll on the exact same treasure chart for all encounters from CR 0 to 4, and then graduate to the next chart up, which you use for six more levels, and so on. Each treasure table generates a coin value ten times the last one – a huge jump. It's too big a jump, too infrequently. If the devs had found a way to divide this increase evenly over every level, then each level could have been worth 50% more than the last: a noticeable increase each level, and one that gives meaning to choices about challenging an easier or harder foe. (Right now, four bugbears have the same expected treasure trove as four kobolds. Level 3 of the dungeon has the same treasure as level 1. Why venture deeper?)

Samey treasure.

Every treasure hoard of a given tier group has exactly the same coinage mix. For all of CR 0-4, it's impossible to roll up a treasure hoard containing electrum or platinum, and it's impossible to roll one WITHOUT about 2000 copper, 1000 SP, and 100 GP. There's a bit of variation when it comes to the gems and art objects rolls, though you will never find a solitary gem or art object (the smallest number of either you can find is 2d4, and the average is 7).

You'll also never find a cache of gems or a magic item without some attendant cash. Every randomly rolled treasure must contain money. After the Lady of the Lake raises her arm from the water to give Excalibur to Arthur, she also tosses 42,000 gp and 28,000 pp ashore.

There are more interesting variations in the 'individual treasure' tables, but unfortunately that's all pocket change.

No big scores.

There's little roulette-wheel drama in 5e monetary treasure: no sense that you could stumble on a big score (except by DM fiat). The only meaningful variation is in whether you get gems or art objects, and how many of each. On each treasure table, the best gem or art object result occurs about 20-30% of the time, so it's not particularly unusual; and apart from the lowest tier of play, the best possible gems/jewelry roll can increase total treasure value by about 10%, so it can almost be ignored.

The ninja rule.

you know what? The minor point that I mentioned before, that you can't roll up a single gem or art object, is actually a big problem for me. A single well-described piece of jewelry or idol, or a fist-sized emerald with a strange flaw, could grab someone's imagination. However, gems and art objects generally come in packets of seven. Rolling up and describing seven art objects is an exercise in tedium for the DM and player.

DM: … encrusted with rubies; and, finally, a goblet etched with a baronial shield and the motto EVER TRIUMPHANT.
PLAYER: ….. ok, so… seven art objects worth 2500 each, get it. (instantly forgets every detail)

Dnd 5e Dmg Magic Item Tables

Since gems and art objects are just interestingly-described cash, there's no point in presenting them in numbers that repel description. I might make up one or two interesting art objects that give flavor to my setting, but not seven.

Why is 5e like this?

I'm not sure exactly what was going on with treasure tables during the development of 5e, but I think that most of the problems stem from a single design decision: making the treasure tables require only one percentile roll to generate the whole treasure.

Take a look at one of the treasure tables, the one for CRs 11-16.

After a single d100 roll, you know almost everything about the treasure: what types of coinage you get; the number and denomination of gems and jewelry; and what magic item tables to roll on. Compare that with, say, the 3rd edition level-11 table, which required 3 d100 rolls: one for coin type, one for art/gems, and one for magic items.

I think the decision to go down to one d100 roll in 5e had to be a deliberate choice. But it was one with some bad consequences.

No roll for coin type

In the 3e chart, you roll to see if you get silver, gold, or platinum. (It's a little weird that you can't get a mix of coins, but whatever.) Each of the possible coin types had a slightly higher average value, so rolling a higher-denomination coin was better.

In the 5e chart, you always just get gold and platinum, no roll required, and no variation between treasures.

Combining the art/gems and treasure roll

Look how big the 5e 11-16 treasure is! There are 33 rows. It takes up almost a full print page. And if you look closely, it's not super varied. The 32 rows of the 'gems or art objects' column are just alternating the same four entries over and over again, eight times. The 28 rows of the Magic Items columns are just repeating the same seven entries four times each.

In fact, this table looks like it was derived by listing out all the permutations of two much tidier tables. These tables don't exist in print but I'm confident they looked like this:

gems and art objects: roll 1d20:
1: nothing
2-6: 2d4 (5) 250 gp art objects
7-11: 2d4 (5) 750 gp art objects
12-15: 3d6 (10) 500 gp gems
16-20: 3d6 (10) 1,000 gp gems

magic items: roll 1d20:
1-3: nothing
4-6: Roll 1d4 times on Magic Item Table A and 1d6 times on Magic Item Table B
7-12: Roll 1d6 times on Magic Item Table C
13-15: Roll 1d6 times on Magic Item Table D
16 Roll once on Magic Item Table E
17 Roll once on Magic Item Table F and 1d4 times on Magic Item Table G
18-19 Roll 1d4 times on Magic Item Table H
20 Roll once on Magic Item Table I

If you map the permutations of these two charts onto one d100 chart, it perfectly recreates the existing 5e table, bar rounding error.

The big problem is, the two charts, while they require an extra roll, are more economical of space. If the two tables were printed side-by-side, as was done in 3e, you'd only use 8 rows instead of 33.

page count matters

Combining every treasure and art/gems roll into a single roll matters a lot because it balloons the space requirements for a single treasure table. And, since book pages cost real money to print in an already fat book, you just can't include a lot of these huge tables.

It takes more than half a page, on average, for each of 5e's four treasure hoard tables. If you had one such table per Challenge Rating from, say, 0 to 21, that would mean devoting 12+ book pages just to treasure charts. That would mean cutting 10 pages of other content.

On the other hand, if they'd used separate d100 rolls for art/gems and magic items, as in 3e, they could probably have fit 22 such charts in around 3 pages.

So, once they'd decided to present giant treasure tables that required only a single roll, there was a real-world economic incentive to cut down the number of tables to four, one per tier.

Does limiting treasure tables to one d100 roll even make sense?

I've posited that the developers made a decision to limit monetary treasure generation to a single percentile roll. Is that even a valuable goal?

Not in my opinion.

First of all, once you make your percentile roll, there are still secondary rolls required to determine how many coins, gems, and art objects you find: 4d6x1000 gp, 3d6 500-gp gems, etc. The averages are given: '4d6 x 1000 (14,000) GP'. But you have to roll, or otherwise vary, these amounts. You can't just take 14,000 every time.

According to the DMG: 'Over the course of a typical campaign, a party finds treasure hoards amounting to seven rolls on the Challenge 0-4 table, eighteen tolls on the Challenge 5-10 table, twelve rolls on the Challenge 11-16 table, and eight rolls on the Challenge 17+ table.' Imagine if a DM didn't roll, and used average treasure for all of these monetary rewards. From around levels 5 to 10, the party would find eighteen consecutive treasures with exactly 700 CP, 7000 SP, 2100 GP, and 105 PP. The treasure coinage is already noticeably lacking variety even if you do roll; if you don't, it would be comical. The same is true for gems and art: you'd always find either 5 or 10 of each.

So, assuming we are rolling for coinage and gems/art, we're always making three or four extra rolls in addition to our percentile roll.

5e Dmg Magic Item Tables Online Game

And that's not even counting magic items! Look at the 5e CR 11-16 chart above. There is a lot of percentile rolling here! Some of the entries call for rolling up 1d4 magic items from one table, and 1d6 from another. Each of these d4 and d6 rolls requires further percentile rolls, so, on average, this table entry requires an average of eight rolls, most of them percentile rolls. Taking the table as a whole, you make an average of three and a half extra rolls to determine magic items.

In total, a DM is actually making around nine rolls to determine each CR 11-16 treasure. Saving that one extra percentile roll didn't make much of a difference.

looking backwards to go forwards

So now that I've exhaustively detailed my problems with 5e's monetary treasure tables: can we do better?

I think so. I'd like to scrap the four 5e treasure tables and make (at least) twenty new ones. I think the in-game economics of 5e are fine as far as they go, I just think the tables could be presented better and the lumpy parts smoothed out.

In my next post I'll look back at previous editions to see how they did treasure, and we'll see if we can find the best model for how we'd like 5e treasure tables to look.